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Assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production: priority products and materials
- Title
- Assessing the environmental impacts of consumption and production: priority products and materials
- Author(s)
- UNEP
- Year
- 2010
- Type
- Journal Article
- Source
-
UNEP
- ISBN
- 978-92-807-3084-5
- Abstract
- he objectives of the UNEP International
Panel
for
Sustainable
Resource
Management (Resource Panel) are to:
• provide independent, coherent and
authoritative scientific assessments of
policy relevance on the sustainable use of
natural resources and in particular their
environmental impacts over the full life
cycle;
• contribute to a better understanding of
how to decouple economic growth from
environmental degradation.
All economic activity occurs in the natural,
physical world. It requires resources such
as energy, materials and land. In addition,
economic activity invariably generates
material residuals, which enter the
environment as waste or polluting emissions.
The Earth, being a finite planet, has a limited
capability to supply resources and to absorb
pollution. A fundamental question the
Resource Panel hence has to answer is how
different economic activities influence the
use of natural resources and the generation
of pollution.
This report answers this fundamental question
in two main steps. First, as a preliminary
step we need to review work that assesses
the importance of observed pressures and
impacts on the Earth’s Natural system (usually
divided into ecological health, human health,
and resources provision capability). Second,
the report needs to investigate the causation
of these pressures by different economic
activities – which can be done via three main
perspectives:
1. An industrial production perspective:
Which production processes contribute
most to pressures and impacts? This
perspective is relevant for informing
producers and sustainability policies
focusing on production.
2. A final consumption perspective: Which
products and consumption categories
have the greatest impacts across their
life cycle? This perspective is relevant for
informing consumers and sustainability
policies focusing on products and
consumption.
3. A material use perspective: Which
materials have the greatest impacts
across their life cycle? This perspective
is relevant for material choices and
sustainability policies focusing on
materials and resources.
The assessment was based on a broad review
and comparison of existing studies and
literature analyzing impacts of production,
consumption, or resource use of countries,
country groups, or the world as a whole. For
this report no primary research was done.
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-
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